css中grid属性的使用详解
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/10/31 浏览：2)
grid布局
加在父元素上的属性
grid-template-columns/grid-template-rows
- 定义元素的行或列的宽高
- 如果父元素被等分成了9等分，则，不管有多少个子元素，都显示9等分
- grid-template-columns: 33% 33% 33%;可以写成grid-template-columns:repeat(3, 33%);
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container1 {
grid-template-columns: 33% 33% 33%;
grid-template-rows: 33% 33% 33%;
}
grid-template-areas
- 父元素的grid-template-areas配合子元素的grid-area定义网格区域
- 一个句点表示一个空的网格单元
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container2 {
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-template-areas: "header header . footer"
"main main . sidebar"
"main main . sidebar";
}
.container2 .item-1 {
grid-area: header;
}
.container2 .item-2 {
grid-area: main;
}
.container2 .item-3 {
grid-area: sidebar;
}
.container2 .item-4 {
grid-area: footer;
}
<div class="container container2"> <div class="item item-1">header</div> <div class="item item-2">main</div> <div class="item item-3">sidebar</div> <div class="item item-4">footer</div> </div>
grid-column-gap/grid-row-gap/grip-gap
- 指网格线的大小，也可以说是网格子项之间的间距
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container3 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 30%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 30%);
grid-column-gap: 2%;
grid-row-gap: 2%;
}
<div class="container container3"> <div class="item item-1"></div> <div class="item item-2"></div> <div class="item item-3"></div> <div class="item item-4"></div> <div class="item item-5"></div> <div class="item item-6"></div> <div class="item item-7"></div> <div class="item item-8"></div> <div class="item item-9"></div> </div>
justify-items/align-itemsjustify-items
- 让子元素的内容和纵向列轴对齐
- align-items让子元素的内容和横向行轴对齐
- 两个属性都有四个值
- 我的例子中，为了方便对比，嵌套了grid网格
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container4 {
width: 400px;
height: 200px;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 25%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}
.container4 .item {
display: grid;
}
.container4 .item div {
background-color: coral;
border: 1px dashed #aaa
}
.container4 .item-1 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
justify-items: start;
}
.container4 .item-2 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
justify-items: end;
}
.container4 .item-3 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
justify-items: center;
}
.container4 .item-4 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
justify-items: stretch;
}
.container4 .item-5 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
align-items: start;
}
.container4 .item-6 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
align-items: end;
}
.container4 .item-7 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
align-items: center;
}
.container4 .item-8 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
align-items: stretch;
}
<div class="container container4">
<div class="item item-1">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-2">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-3">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-4">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-5">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-6">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-7">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-8">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
justify-content/align-content
- 设置子元素的对齐方式，justify表示纵向，align表示横向
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container5 {
width: 700px;
height: 200px;
grid-template-columns: repeat(7, 14%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}
.container5 .item {
display: grid;
}
.container5 .item div {
background-color: coral;
border: 1px dashed #aaa
}
.container5 .item-1 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
justify-content: start;
}
.container5 .item-2 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
justify-content: end;
}
.container5 .item-3 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
justify-content: center;
}
.container5 .item-4 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
justify-content: stretch;
}
.container5 .item-5 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
justify-content: space-around;
}
.container5 .item-6 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
justify-content: space-between;
}
.container5 .item-7 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
justify-content: space-evenly;
}
.container5 .item-8 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
align-content: start;
}
.container5 .item-9 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
align-content: end;
}
.container5 .item-10 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
align-content: center;
}
.container5 .item-11 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
align-content: stretch;
}
.container5 .item-12 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
align-content: space-around;
}
.container5 .item-13 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
align-content: space-between;
}
.container5 .item-14 {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
align-content: space-evenly;
}
<div class="container container5">
<div class="item item-1">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-2">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-3">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-4">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-5">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-6">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-7">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-8">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-9">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-10">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-11">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-12">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-13">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
<div class="item item-14">
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
<div>list</div>
</div>
</div>
grid-auto-columns/grid-auto-rowsgrid-column
- 后面的值如果是1 / 2形式，表示的是从第1列网格线开始到第2列网格线结束，如果这个属性定义的网格超出了父元素的范围，则会自动生成隐式网格
- grid-auto-columns和grid-auto-rows两个属性来指定这些隐式网格轨迹的宽度
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container6 {
width: 120px;
height: 180px;
grid-template-columns: 60px 60px;
grid-template-rows: 90px 90px;
grid-auto-columns: 60px;
}
.container6 .item-1 {
grid-column: 1 / 2;
grid-row: 2 / 3;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
.container6 .item-2 {
grid-column: 5 / 6;
grid-row: 2 / 3;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
<div class="container container6"> <div class="item-1">1/2&2/3</div> <div class="item-2">5/6&2/3</div> </div>
grid-auto-flow
- 没有网格元素的时候，自动排列
- row表示从左到右排列，column表示从上到下排列
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container7 {
display: grid;
width: 200px;
height: 40px;
grid-template-columns: 40px 40px 40px 40px 40px;
grid-template-rows: 40px 40px;
/* grid-auto-flow: row; */
grid-auto-flow: column;
}
.container7 .item-1 {
grid-column: 1;
grid-row: 1 / 3;
}
.container7 .item-5 {
grid-column: 5;
grid-row: 1 / 3;
}
<div class="container container7"> <div class="item item-1">1</div> <div class="item item-2">2</div> <div class="item item-3">3</div> <div class="item item-4">4</div> <div class="item item-5">5</div> </div>
加在子元素上的属性
grid-column-start/grid-column-end/grid-row-start/grid-row-end/grid-column/grid-row
- 定义网格开始或者结束的位置
- 值为数字，表示从这条线开始。值为span加数字，表示覆盖了这条线的位置
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container8 {
margin-top: 20px;
grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 20%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(5, 20%);
}
.container8 .item-1 {
grid-column-start: 2;
grid-column-end: 4;
grid-row-start: 1;
grid-row-end: 2;
}
.container8 .item-2 {
grid-column-start: 4;
grid-column-end: span 5;
grid-row-start: 2;
grid-row-end: span 5;
}
.container8 .item-3 {
grid-column: 1 / span 2;
grid-row: 2 / span 4;
}
<div class="container container8"> <div class="item item-1">item-1</div> <div class="item item-2">item-2</div> <div class="item item-3">item-3</div> </div>
justify-self/align-self
网格子项内容与格线对齐
.container {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
display: grid;
background-color: coral;
margin: 10px;
}
.container .item {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
background-color: chocolate;
}
.container9 {
width: 400px;
height: 200px;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 25%);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}
.container9 .item-1 {
justify-self: start;
}
.container9 .item-2 {
justify-self: end;
}
.container9 .item-3 {
justify-self: center;
}
.container9 .item-4 {
justify-self: stretch;
}
.container9 .item-5 {
align-self: start;
}
.container9 .item-6 {
align-self: end;
}
.container9 .item-7 {
align-self: center;
}
.container9 .item-8 {
align-self: stretch;
}
<div class="container container9"> <div class="item item-1">item-1</div> <div class="item item-2">item-2</div> <div class="item item-3">item-3</div> <div class="item item-4">item-4</div> <div class="item item-5">item-5</div> <div class="item item-6">item-6</div> <div class="item item-7">item-7</div> <div class="item item-8">item-8</div> </div>
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。